![](https://assets.weforum.org/article/image/NeVnCeG961wzw07MuTw61_0oMn4ZpJijRxq8HDLgsMo.jpg)
Health and Healthcare Systems
What is ethical animal research? A scientist and veterinarian explain
There is no one standard definition of ethical animal research, but it is often guided by the 4 Rs – reduction, refinement, replacement and rehabilitation.