1982, BA (summa cum laude) in Political Science and Economics, University of North Texas; 1984, MA in International Relations, Georgetown University. 1987, appointed to the Saudi Diplomatic Service and posted to the Royal Embassy of Saudi Arabia in Washington DC. 1990-91, part of the Saudi team that established the Joint Information Bureau at Dhahran during Operation Desert Shield/Desert Storm. October 1991, member of the GCC delegation to the Madrid Peace Conference. 1992, member of the Saudi delegation to the Multilateral Arms Control Talks in Washington. December 1992, dispatched with the Saudi Armed Forces to Somalia as part of Operation Restore Hope. 1994-95, Visiting Diplomatic Fellow, Council of Foreign Relations, New York. 2000, Director, Saudi Information and Congressional Affairs office, Washington. 2000, Foreign Affairs Adviser in the Crown Prince's Court. 2005-07, Adviser at the Royal Court. 2007-15, Ambassador to the United States. April 2015- December 2018, Foreign Minister. December 2018, Minister of State for Foreign Affairs and Member of the Council of Ministers. May 2022, Appointed as Climate Envoy in addition to his role as Minister of State for Foreign Affairs and Member of the Council of Ministers. Recipient: Honorary Doctorate in Humane Letters, University of North Texas (2006). Lecturer at universities and academic institutions in the US. Fluent in Arabic, English and German.