1980-84, Coopers and Lybrand; 1984-86, Midland Bank; 1986-88, Internal Audit Manager, Citicorp Investment Bank; 1986-89, Vice-President, Citibank; 1989-95, Assistant Director, Group Treasury, Midland Montage-HSBC Markets; 1995-97, Head, Group Asset Liability Management, HSBC Group; 1997-2000, Chief Financial Officer, Investment Banking and Markets, HSBC Group; 2000-03, Director, Finance, Risk Management and Operations, Lloyds of London; since 2003, with Aviva.