1982, degree in Economics, University of Neuchâtel. 1981-82, with the University of Neuchâtel; 1983, produced a study on the economic policy of small industrialized countries in Europe from 1970 to 1983; 1984-86, Economic Editor, Society for Switzerland's Economic Development (SDES), Geneva; 1985-89, Editor-in-Chief, National, newspaper of Neuchâtel FDP; 1986-89, Cantonal Secretary, Neuchâtel FDP; 1988-89, Secretary for French-speaking Switzerland, FDP Switzerland; 1988, Editor-in-Chief, Politique, French magazine of FDP Switzerland; 1988-90, Member of Communal Parliament, Hauterive, Neuchâtel; 1989-91, Secretary for French-speaking Switzerland; FDP Switzerland. 1990-2001, Member of Neuchâtel Cantonal Parliament. 1991-2005, Member, Communal Council of Neuchâtel: 1991-96, Head, Public Works, Police, Fire Service, Civil Protection, Tourism and Transport; 1997-2005, Head, Public Works, Sport and Hospitals; 1994, 1998, 2001, elected President, Communal Council of Neuchâtel. 2003-07, Member of National Council. Since 2009, Federal Councillor, Head of the Federal Department of Foreign Affairs.