Degree in International Law, University of Pisa, Italy; PhD in Law of the European Community, University of S. Anna. 1991-95, President, Giovani Partito Popolare Italiano; since 1993, Secretary-General, AREL; 1996-97, Secretary-General, Committee for the Euro, Ministry of the Treasury, Budget and Economic Programming; 1997-98, Deputy Secretary, Partito Popolare Italiano (PPI); 1998-99, Minister for European Policies of Italy; 1999-2001, Minister of Industrial Affairs of Italy; 2006-08, Undersecretary to the Council of Ministers. Since April 2013, Prime Minister of Italy. Author of: Passaggio a Nord-Est (1995); Euro si-Morire per Maastricht (1997).