Bachelor's and Master's in Philosophy and Economics, London School of Economics; doctoral work in the Philosophy of Religion, Stanford University. Appointments at RSIS, Singapore and ISIS, Malaysia; Adviser to the Minister of Education, Malaysia; Associate, McKinsey and Company. Founded research institute on ASEAN. Visiting Scholar, The Urbanization Project, New York University Stern School of Business. Senior Fellow, S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies, Nanyang Technological University. Global Board member, Open Society Foundations.