1977, BA, Harvard; 1979, BA, Magdalen College, University of Oxford; 1981, JD, Harvard. 1981-82, Law clerk to Judge Thomas Gibbs Gee, US Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit; 1982-83, with Shea & Gardner; 1983-88, Attorney-adviser, US Department of State, Office of the Legal Adviser; 1983-88, Adjunct Professor, Georgetown Law Center; 1989.93, Assistant Professor, George Washington University, National Law Center; 1994-99, Professor, University of Michigan Law School. Member, Council on Foreign Relations and Department of State Advisory Committee on International Law. Expertise: international law, especially international organizations; international tribunals; war crimes; international legal theory; and foreign investment.