2004-11, Director-General, National Treasury. Responsibilities included producing a sound and sustainable national budget, managing government's financial assets and liabilities, setting and implementing government accounting policies and standards, regulating and overseeing public sector procurement, developing appropriate fiscal policy, financial regulatory policy and financial management as required by government. Represented South Africa in international organizations such as the World Bank, the G20 and the African Development Bank. May 2011 - Nov. 2014, Deputy Governor and since Nov. 2014, Governor of the South African Reserve Bank (SARB). Reappointed by the President for a 2nd five-year term effective 9 November 2019. Responsibilities include financial regulatory reform, banking supervision, financial stability, financial surveillance and the SARB Research Department. Chairperson, Standing Committee on the Revision of the Banks Act. Member, Monetary Policy Committee (MPC) and Financial Stability Committee. Was Co-Chair, Financial Stability Board Standing Committee on Standard Implementation for four years. Currently Co-Chair, Financial Stability Board Regional Consultative Group for sub-Saharan Africa. Currently chairing the Financial Stability Board's Central Bank Governance Group (CBGG). Was appointed Chairman to the IMFC effective 18 January 2018 for a 3- year period until 17 January 2021.