1988, PhD in Electronic Engineering, Department of Radio Technology, Southeast University. 1992-94, Professor, University of Electronic Science and Technology, China. Since 1994, with China United Telecommunications including: Director, Wireless Communications Department; Director, Technology Department; Deputy Chief Engineer; 1999, Chief Negotiator, China for CDMA IPR negotiation with Qualcomm; 2002, Executive Director and Vice-President, China Unicom; 2002, General Manager, Yunnan Branch, China Unicom; since 2003, current position.