Graduate, Monash University; Master of Economics and PhD in Japanese Economy, Australian National University; Doctor of Laws honoris causa (Monash University). Most recently, Research Fellow and Senior Fellow at Harvard Kennedy School. Former Academic Researcher on Japanese Economy: Australian National University; Osaka University; Bank of Japan; Stanford University. Eight years with Lehman Brothers, initially as Chief Economist, Asia, then Global Chief Economist and Head of Economic Research. Four years with Nomura Securities as Global Chief Economist and Global Head, Economic Research. Six years with S&P Global, most recently as Vice Chairman, having been Executive Vice President and Chief Economist and earlier Chief Economist and Head of Global Economics and Research, Standard & Poor's Ratings Services. Served for seven years as Non-Executive Director, ORIX Corporation. Member of the board of the Foreign Policy Association and a member of the Bretton Woods Committee, the Council on Foreign Relations and the Economic Club of New York. Author or editor of five books, including "The Power of Money" (Matt Holt imprint of BenBella Books, 2023).