1973, Bachelor's in English and French Literature; postgraduate studies in Economics, George Washington University. 1977, joined the US Foreign Service; held various positions, including: 1979-80, US Consulate General, Guangzhou; China Desk, Economic Bureau, State Department, Washington; 1984-86, Deputy Principal Officer, US Consulate General, Shanghai. 1986, Senior Watch Officer, Operations Center, State Department; 1987-89, Deputy Director, Office of European Security and Political Affairs; 1989, Deputy Press Spokesman, and 1992-93, Spokesman, US State Department. 1993-96, Ambassador of US to Cyprus; 1996, US Consul General in Hong Kong. Currently, Deputy Secretary-General, Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.