Studies in Politics, Philosophy and Economics, University of Oxford; Master's in Development Economics, University of Sussex. Extensive experience in international development economics and policy-making, as well as in designing and implementing wider public service reform. Late 1990s, in the UK Treasury, responsible for UK public expenditure. Early 2000s, in the Cabinet Office, leading on cross-departmental strategic issues and the management of the Cabinet agenda. From 2002, headed the UK's Department for International Development - formerly the Overseas Development Administration (ODA). Played a key role in developing the UK's Know-How Fund for Central and Eastern Europe and worked with the European Commission in improving its programmes in the Middle East and North Africa. Most recently, Permanent Secretary, British Ministry of Justice. Since July 2012, sixth President of the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD). Honorary doctorates, Universities of Sussex and East Anglia.