1978-82, studies, Department of Asian and African Languages, Beijing Second Foreign Language Institute; MA in Economics. 1969-77, educated youth, Heilongjiang Production and Construction Corps; 1977-78, Worker, Intelligence Research Institute, Ministry of Post and Telecommunications; 1982-89, Staff member, Attaché, Deputy Office Director and Office Director, Department of Asian Affairs, Ministry of Foreign Affairs; 1989-94, Counsellor, Minister Counsellor, Chinese Embassy in Japan; 1994-95, Deputy Director-General, Department of Asian Affairs, Ministry of Foreign Affairs; 1995-98, Director-General, Department of Asian Affairs, Ministry of Foreign Affairs; 1997-98, Visiting Scholar, School of Foreign Service, Georgetown University, US; 1998-2001, Assistant Minister of Foreign Affairs and Director-General, Department of Policy Research; 2001-04, Vice-Minister of Foreign Affairs; 2004-07, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of China to Japan; 2007-08, Vice-Minister of Foreign Affairs in charge of executive affairs; 2008-13, Director, Taiwan Work Office, CPC Central Committee, and Minister, Taiwan Affairs Office of the State Council. Since 2013, Minister of Foreign Affairs; Member, 17th and 18th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.