How to prevent another Ebola-like epidemic

Almost 30 countries around the world are “highly vulnerable” to an Ebola-style epidemic, with Somalia, Chad, Nigeria, Afghanistan and Haiti most at risk, a major charity said on Tuesday.

An increasingly mobile global population makes deadly outbreaks more likely, with the emergence of two new diseases a year that can be spread between animals and humans making stronger health systems crucial, Save the Children said.

The charity’s report comes as political and development agency leaders gather in Brussels to discuss the Ebola crisis that has killed nearly 10,000 people and infected almost 24,000 others, according to latest World Health Organisation (WHO) data.

Justin Forsyth, chief executive of Save the Children, said a robust health system could have halted the rapid spread of Ebola through Guinea, Sierra Leone and Liberia over the past year and saved thousands of children’s lives.

He said it was now critical to bolster the health systems of other poor countries so they can deal with any Ebola-style outbreak, control new diseases and save the lives of up to 17,000 children a day who die of preventable conditions such as pneumonia and malaria.

“The world woke up to Ebola but now people need to wake up to the scandal of weak health systems,” Forsyth said in a statement.

To find countries most at risk of an Ebola-style outbreak, the charity compiled an index of the public health systems of the world’s poorest countries based on the number of health workers, government spending on health and mortality rates.

Somalia ranked lowest with the index finding there is one health worker for every 6,711 people compared to one health worker for every 88 people in Britain.

In Afghanistan, which was fourth lowest, public spending on health is $10.71 per person a year compared to more than $3,000 in Britain.

The WHO says governments should spend a minimum of $86 per capita on health, but Liberia spends $19.5, Sierra Leone spends $15.9 and Guinean spends $9 per capita, according to the Save the Children report.

The report said it would cost $1.58 billion to strengthen the health systems of three worst affected West African nations to be able to offer a “minimum package” of essential health services recommended by the WHO. The international Ebola relief effort has cost almost three times as much.

“In the past, there has been a desire to deal with urgent problems, but not address the chronic health care issues that underlay why these outbreaks occur,” Brendan Cox, director of policy and advocacy for Save the Children, told the Thomson Reuters Foundation.

“After Ebola, that has got to change.”

This article is published in collaboration with The Thomson Reuters Foundation. Publication does not imply endorsement of views by the World Economic Forum.

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Author: Joseph D’Urso is an intern at The Thomson Reuters Foundation. 

Image: Ward physician Thomas Klotzkowski and doctor for tropical medicine Florian Steiner put on protective suits. REUTERS/Thomas Peter.