Geographies in Depth

How Europe fell behind China on funding clean energy

A view shows windmills of several wind farms at the so-called "HelWin-Cluster", located 35 kilometres (22 miles) north of the German island of Heligoland November 5, 2014. As European governments start to curb offshore renewable power subsidies, utilities, wind turbine makers and installers are racing to cut costs to help the industry survive. Britain, Germany and the Netherlands, wary of committing billions of euros when budgets are tight, have announced subsidy cuts in the past 18 months - a blow to the European offshore wind industry which employs nearly 60,000 people. This has led the European Wind Energy Association (EWEA) to slash its forecasts for installed offshore capacity in Europe. However, utilities remain keen to invest in offshore wind - which the EWEA says is the fastest-growing power technology in Europe. To match story RENEWABLES-WINDPOWER/OFFSHORE      Picture taken November 5, 2014.   REUTERS/Fabian Bimmer (GERMANY - Tags: ENERGY ENVIRONMENT) - RTR4E6FW

A view shows windmills of several wind farms at the so-called "HelWin-Cluster", located 35 kilometres (22 miles) north of the German island of Heligoland.

Image: REUTERS/Fabian Bimmer

“Twenty years ago Europeans were still teaching China how to draft environmental law.”

That’s a direct quote from Nick Mabey, CEO of climate change think tank E3G, in a press release accompanying the organization’s report on renewables this week.

How things have changed. In the past five years, China has become the top investor in renewable energy, far outstripping the European Union, the former market leader.

The country will likely overtake the region in installations of new wind and solar technology in the next five years, if its plans hold up, E3G said. In 2015, cumulative sales of electric vehicles in China reached 450,000, 50% higher than in the EU. For the first time in 2014, China spent more on research and development of renewables than Europe.

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Ten years ago, Europe saw China as a market for its own green exports, Mabey said. “Today, China is on the verge of dominating the global clean energy economy. The EU must act decisively to stay in the race,” he said.

China is building the infrastructure for cleaner electricity at the world’s fastest rate. And that’s a lot: globally last year, up to 90% of new energy capacity came from renewable sources, according to a report this week from the International Energy Association. China’s coal consumption began falling in 2014 for the first time this century, and last year its carbon emissions followed, falling by 1.5%.

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