Miguel Castro Coelho is Chief Economist at the Portuguese Finance Ministry. Miguel has experience in a variety of policy roles at the heart of government (advisor to HM Treasury, the Prime Minister's Strategy Unit, and 10 Downing Street); in government departments (strategy advisor to the Department for Education); and outside government (research fellow at the Institute for Public Policy Research; Fellow at the Institute for Government; and Senior Economist and Head of the Secretariat of the London School of Economics Growth Commission). His main areas of research include the drivers of economic growth and income distribution; the impact of globalization and technological change on the labour market; the economics of the welfare state (especially education, health and social security); organisational economics and public service efficiency; fiscal federalism; and the political economy of policy failure and institutional reform.